Running nose, watery eyes, and an itchy throat- are the most common allergies. Usually, allergies are not life-threatening or major health concerns, sometimes they can pose a serious problem in people who are elderly. In fact, allergy reactions are one of the most common immunological diseases and represent one of the most widespread and fast-growing chronic human health problems, especially among seniors.
What makes allergies so dangerous to seniors is that they can complicate other chronic conditions such as asthma or any pre-existing respiratory or cardiovascular problems. Antihistamines commonly used to cure allergies can interfere with some of the medications seniors take and also cause an increase in blood pressure. Allergy medications can also sometimes cause dizziness and sleepiness, which then increases the risk of falls and injury. The age-related changes to the immune system may leave seniors at greater risk for autoimmune diseases, infections, and allergic inflammation.
There are several ways to manage allergies without side effects:
Pay attention to symptoms
While usually, people develop allergies early on, they can crop up at any age. So, just because your elderly dear ones have never had allergies doesn’t mean they can not develop later. Adult-onset allergies can seem they have come out of nowhere, but it is actually because of exposure to new allergies in the environment, food, and changes in the immune system. It is even possible that one fine day, you suddenly become allergic to something you have been exposed to almost every day without any adverse effects.
Keep an eye out for common symptoms of allergy such as hives, difficulty in breathing, sneezing, running nose or watery eyes. It is important to address these symptoms and do consult healthcare professionals.
Minimise exposure to triggers
One of the most effective ways to manage allergy symptoms is to recognize allergy triggers and reduce their exposure to them. Pollen, dust, grass, smoke, and mould are some of the common allergens. Staying indoors with closed windows is the best way to avoid triggers like pollen and grass. When outside wearing sunglasses and a mask, is a good counter to pollen allergy. This ensures that the pollen does not come in direct contact with the eyes and mouth. While inside, make it appoint to clean regularly and remove traces of dust or mould build-up. Use an air conditioner or a fan to keep the air fresh inside. Also, remember to change the curtains and bed sheets regularly with anti-allergen detergents. With precautions like this, one can reduce the influence of allergens.
Consult a doctor, and go natural when possible
Usually, our habit is to treat seasonal allergies with Over The Counter (OTC) medications. However, antihistamines, which are commonly used to control the effects of allergies, can be dangerous for seniors. On the other hand, some of the decongestants commonly used to address allergies may increase blood pressure and heart rate and lead to insomnia or drowsiness. So before taking any OTC medication, it is extremely important to consult a doctor who is aware of the case history and any existing medication and conditions.
One can also try some common home or natural remedies that may help manage the symptoms. Saline nasal irrigation is one such remedy that can work wonders in case of allergic rhinitis. Buying a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter for your house can help trap irritants such as pollen, dust, and pet hair. On the other hand, adding a dehumidifier can prevent the growth of any mould in the house.
For seniors, if they are already on some medication, it is very essential to consult a doctor before trying out any OTC medication, to avoid any side effects of the medication.
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Anil Malik
Mumbai, India
6th September 2022.